District Heating Development, Air Quality Improvement, And Cogeneration In Krakow, Poland (1992)

This paper describes the overall poor environment conditions in Krakow prior to 1989 era, of the heating systems and equipment, utilization of low value fuels resulting in pollution, lack of consumption controls such as metering devices to measure the actual energy usage, resulting in overall low efficiency of operation. This paper also discusses future development of the district heating system, cogeneration facilities and pollution control plans.